declarative programming vs functional programming

“Declarative” roughly means “write what the result should be, not how to achieve it” “Functional” roughly means “describe algorithms by the composition of higher-order pure functions”. Functional Programming All five of these terms are considered "programming paradigms", although Imperative and Declarative paradigms are parent hierarchies to procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. That means fewer points of failure, less code to test, and a more productive (and, many would say, happier) programming life. The differences between imperative, declarative, procedural, functional, and object-oriented programming paradigms are subtle, but hopefully you have a better background to understand them from now. Imperative programming is about how a program works while Declarative programming is about what a program does. We strive for transparency and don't collect excess data. To compare these 2 paradigms. Declarative programming is about what, and specifies a desired output without caring how the program gets to that output. Traditionally, we write code that describes how it should solve a problem. Java, Python). We would go at this futile exercise until we were reading the implementation of the C compiler!! Imperative programming – focuses on how to execute, defines control flow as statements that change a program state. Let's take another look at our "imperative" program: I called this program "imperative", but where did this write() function come from? string.length(), string.type(), string.toJson()) and later release a version with 20 string operations. Functional and logical programming languages are characterized by a declarative programming style. Object Oriented vs Functional Programming with TypeScript - Duration: 12:07. I don't care about all the steps it takes to get hot water to come out of my shower head. It’s not concerned with states and will return the correct output if it follows the entire program. SQL). Imperative Programming is like your friend listening to Bob Ross tell them how to paint a landscape. Eventually, you get annoyed reading the terms "declarative" and "imperative" because you know they are important but have no clue why. With imperative programming, you tell the compiler what you want to happen, step by step. Imperative programming is an inhibitor of abstraction. As programmers, we hear the word "abstraction" a lot. It is the ultimate abstraction. For example, if I was writing an imperative program for building a house, it would go something like this: In this imperative program, I have told you the exact steps to take in order to build the house (okay, not so detailed, but you get it!). For one, if you can get the logic correct, functional programming requires orders of magnitude less code than imperative programming. Functional programming can be a mind-bender, which is one reason why Lisp, Scheme, and Haskell have never really surpassed C, C++, Java and COBOL in commercial popularity. For It is the ability to abstract away the internals of your code. Similar to our discussion about how procedural and imperative programming were synonymous, we can think of functional programming as a synonym to declarative programming. Declarative is about the WHAT. For example, you might build a utility library just like Lodash (as we used earlier in a code example). Fireship 263,850 views 12:07 Functional Programming & Haskell - Computerphile - … Now if we are building Facebook, we might look towards OOP because we have a fixed number of operations on a growing set of objects. var results = collection.Where( num => num % 2 != 0); Here, we're saying "Give us everything where it's odd", not "Step through the collection. Luckily, we can just include the stdio.h library and simplify this program. Imperative programming is about how, and is where you list out every step of a program. Made with love and Ruby on Rails. The imperative paradigm forces programmers to write “how” a program will solve a certain task. An abstraction is about stripping away the nitty gritty details in order to talk about a higher-level concept. Okay, okay. While good ole Bob Ross isn’t exactly commanding, he is giving them step by step directions to get the desired result. We have no idea what goes on inside that function, so we wouldn't be correct in saying this is truly an imperative program! The real conversation is not the difference between object-oriented and functional, the difference is Imperative versus Declarative style of programming. In this declarative program, I have told you the outputs that I want. Who uses it anymore anyways?! All five of these terms are considered "programming paradigms", although Imperative and Declarative paradigms are parent hierarchies to procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. Please enter a comment. Good code is about knowing when to use each type of programming. You may first release the library with 10 String operations (i.e. Declarative programming is a programming paradigm that expresses the logic of a computation without describing its control flow. Typescript - Duration: 12:07 as imperative programming, there is always the tempation to fall into a rabbit-hole logical... Of statements least make sure it is a beast of its own that tries to emulate the `` real ''... Tell them how to do it you need to be using procedural programming is difficult examine! Do rather than how to paint a landscape will do ( ex make sure it is does. 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